2019中考语法系列 有关定语从句知识点get起来
2018-10-30 11:33:49 来源:搜狐

近几年,定语从句常以不同的“姿态”出现在中考试题中,下面我们就来看看定语从句在中考试题中的出场“姿态”:

说来说去还得练

1. The dictionary _____ you need was sold out in the bookshop.You can borrow one from the City Library.

A.who   B.what

C.whom   D.that

点拨:先行词“dictionary 字典”为物,因此可排除先行词为人的A项和C项;what不能引导定语从句,因此D项正确。

2. All the members _____ were present at the meeting agreed to the plan.

A.who B.whose C.which

点拨:who引导定语从句指人,在从句中做主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句在从句中做定语;which引导定语从句先行词指物;本句子先行词“members 成员”指人,且在从句中做主语,因此A项正确。

3.--Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?

--You are right. I think these ideas are wonderful and creative.

A.which B.how C.when

点拨:which引导定语从句先行词指物,且在从句中做主语或宾语;how不能引导定语从句;when为关系副词,先行词为时间;本句中先行词reason为物,且在从句中做宾语,因此A项正确。

4. He reached London in 1994_____, some time later, he became a famous actor.

A.which B.where

C.when  D.who

点拨:which引导定语从句先行词为物;where引导定语从句先行词为地点;who引导定语从句先行词为人;when为关系副词,先行词为时间。本题中定语从句先行词为时间“1994”,故选择关系副词when。因此C项正确。

5. He is the man ______ Mary will get married with next Sunday.

A.which   B.whom

C.why  D.whose

点拨:which引导定语从句在句中做主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句先行词指人,且在句中做宾语;why引导定语从句先行词表原因;whose引导定语从句先行词为人,且在从句中做定语;因此B项正确。

专家密招赶紧看

秘招一:根据定义定考点

在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。两个句子之间通过关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(when, where, why)连接起来。定语从句前的那个被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。如:

Chinese Restaurantis a very relaxing TV program which is popular among the young people.

主句:Chinese restaurant is a very relaxing TV program

从句:which is popular among the young people

先行词:TV program

关系代词:which

因此, 如果确定是考查定语从句, 我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项,如:what。

秘招二:根据成分选关系词

在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则。

(1) 一看指人还是物

先行词指人:that, who, whose, whom

先行词指物:that, which, whose

(2) 二看句中做何用

例1:My brother likesthe stories_____ were written by Mark Twain because they are often humorous. 先行词(the stories)指物, 关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/that。

例2:He isthe boy_____ I talked with just now. 先行词(the boy)指人, 关系词在从句中作宾语, 可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填。

例3:What’s the name of the girl_____ father is a doctor?先行词(the girl)指人, 关系词在从句中作定语, 可用关系代词whose。

例4:I still rememberthe day_____ our new school was built. 从句中不缺成分, 先行词(the day)指时间, 关系词在从句中作状语, 可用关系副词when。

秘招二:三看是否属特殊

只能用关系代词that的情况:

①先行词是不定代词 something, anything, everything, nothing, all, little, few, much, none, some等时。如:

As we all know,all thatcan be done has been done. 众所周知, 所有能做的都已经做了。

②先行词被 the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如:

It isthe onlywordthatI don’t know in the passage. 这是这篇文章里唯一一个我不认识的单词。

③当先行词既有人又有物时。如:

The characters and events that the author described in his book are very interesting. 作者在他书里描写的那些人和事非常有意思。

④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰, 或先行词本身就是序数词时。如:

He wasthe first thatgave us some useful advice. 他是第一个给我们一些有用的建议的人。

⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如:

Whois the manthatis standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁?